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Ruddy Duck: This small, bright red-brown duck has a black cap extending below the eyes onto the nape, heavy blue bill and black tail. Some males have an all black head lacking white cheek patches. Females have a gray-brown neck and body, dull buff-brown head and neck sides, with a stripe across pale-gray cheek patch. Feeds on aquatic invertebrates and vegetation. Direct flight on rapid wing beats.
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Rock Pigeon: This is a large, highly variably colored dove. The wild form has a gray body, dark blue-gray head, neck, breast, and white rump. The wings are gray with two black bars. It has a gray rounded tail with a dark terminal band. Forages on the ground; feeds on grass, seeds, grains, clover and berries. Swift direct flight. Sexes are similar.
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Rhinoceros Auklet: Medium-sized seabird with black upperparts, dark gray underparts, and white belly. Eyes have long white plumes above and below. Bill is yellow with pale horn. Legs and feet are gray. Swims and dives for crustaceans and small fish. Fast direct flight with rapid wing beats.
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Red-breasted Sapsucker: Medium-sized woodpecker with black-and-white barred upperparts, pale yellow belly, and white rump. The head, nape, throat, and breast are bright red; moustache stripe is white. The wings are checkered black-and-white with large white patches. Black bill, gray legs and feet.
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Red Knot: This medium-sized sandpiper has black, brown and gray scaled upperparts, a red-brown face, neck, breast and sides, and a white lower belly. It has a slightly curved black bill. The wings show white bars in flight. Diet includes insects, larvae, mollusks and crabs. It has a swift direct flight with rapid wing beats. Sexes are similar.
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Ruddy Turnstone: This medium-sized sandpiper has red-brown upperparts, white rump and underparts, and a black-marked face. It has a short, dark, slightly upturned bill, a white tail with a black terminal band, and orange legs and feet. The wings have a unique brown, black, and white pattern visible in flight. Feeds on invertebrates. Swift direct flight with rapid wing beats. Sexes are similar.
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Ruff: This large sandpiper has variably-colored frilly tufts on the neck, ranging from black to rufous, to white to speckled and barred. It has an orange-brown head, white belly, orange bill with dark drooped tip and orange-yellow legs. The female lacks ruff and is smaller than the male. Diet includes seeds, insects and other invertebrates. Low, direct flight with rapid wing beats.
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Red-tailed Tropicbird: This medium-sized tropic bird has silky white plumage and a small but conspicuous black eye stripe. It has a coral red bill and black legs and feet. The tail has long, red central streamers. It mainly feeds on flying fish. Swift, purposeful flight, alternates fluttering wing beats with glides. Hovers while hunting and in courtship. Sexes are similar.
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Rusty Blackbird: Medium blackbird, black overall with a dull, blue-green sheen, yellow eyes. Forages on ground of wet woodlands and fields, wades in marshes or small pools of water. Feeds on insects, caterpillars, snails, crustaceans, small fish, salamanders, fruits, grains and seeds.
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Red-bellied Woodpecker: Medium woodpecker, black-and-white barred upperparts, pale gray-brown underparts with indistinct red wash on belly. Head has bright red crown and nape, pale brown face. White rump, white wing patches, and white-barred central tail feathers are visible in flight.
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Rufous-backed Robin: Large thrush, rufous back, gray head, rump, white throat with black streaks, breast and sides are rufous-orange. Undertail coverts, belly are white. Yellow bill has black tip. Wings are rufous with gray primaries. Gray tail. Swift, direct flight with rapid wing beats.
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Red-billed Pigeon: Large dove with dull purple head and breast, olive-brown back, and blue-gray belly. Wings are blue-gray with olive-brown tertials. Tail is black. Feet and legs are red. Eyes are orange or red with bright red eyelids. Bill is red with yellow tip. Swift direct flight.
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Ruddy Quail-Dove: Medium-sized dove, rufous overall with pale buff throat, streak under eye, and belly. Red-brown underwings shown in flight. Black tipped red bill, red legs and feet. Forages on the ground for seeds, fruit and small snails. Swift direct flight on rapidly beating wings.
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Red-crowned Parrot: This medium-sized parrot has dark-scaled green upperparts, pale green underparts, bright red forehead, crown and lores, violet blue neck sides and a yellow-pink bill. First five outer secondaries are red with violet blue tips; black primaries slightly tinged with dark blue tips. Feeds on fruits and flowers. Swift direct flight on rapidly beating wings. Sexes are similar.
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Ringed Kingfisher: Largest kingfisher in the Western Hemisphere. Blue-gray upperparts, rufous underparts, white underwing and undertail coverts, blue-gray head with ragged crest, long heavy black bill, white chin extends into a white collar. Gray legs, feet. High direct flight on choppy wing beats.
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Red-masked Parakeet: This fairly large green parakeet has bright red on the head, at the bend in the wing and on the thighs. It has a white eye ring, pink-beige hooked bill and gray legs and feet. It feeds on seeds and fruit. Fast direct flight with rapid wing beats. Sexes are similar. Considered threatened in its native range of Ecuador and Peru. AKA Red-masked Conure, Cherry-headed Conure.
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Rose-ringed Parakeet: This large green parakeet has a pale red ring around the neck, black moustache stripe, pale blue nape, red eye ring and bill, long slender green tail with blue central feathers, and gray legs and feet. Female lacks head markings, and shorter tail is all green. Feeds on buds, fruit, vegetables and seeds. Fairly high rapid flight.
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Roseate Tern: White below with slight, variable pinkish cast visible in good light; pale gray above with black cap, nape and deeply forked tail that projects well beyond wingtips at rest. Bill mostly black with some red at base; legs and feet are red-orange. Graceful, direct flight.
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Red-legged Kittiwake: Small Alaskan gull white overall with gray back and wings, small yellow bill and bright red legs. Black wingtips. Eats small fish, squid, and marine zooplankton. Graceful, bouyant flight with rapid, shallow wing beats. Hovers briefly above prey before dipping down to sieze it.
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Ross's Gull: The pink gull of the high Arctic. Small gull, pale gray upperparts, gray-white nape, white neck with thin black collar, and white, wedge-shaped tail; underparts are variably pink. Black bill is very short; legs, feet are orange-red. Often feeds on mudflats like a wader.
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Rock Ptarmigan: Small grouse with black, brown, and buff mottled upperparts, white underparts with variable dark mottling, and white wings. Head shows a dark eyestripe. Red combs over the eyes can be retracted or exposed. It has feathers on legs and toes to help it walk in the snow and stay warm.
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Red-lored Parrot: Medium-sized green parrot with red front and patch in secondaries, blue on crown, and yellow on cheeks and in tail. Black primaries, yellow-pink bill, gray legs and feet, and medium-length tail. It has quick, direct flight with shallow wing beats on medium-length wings.
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Red-legged Crake: Small to medium rail, red-brown head and breast, red eyering, brown back and wings, some black and white marks. White belly and vent with black barring. Short to medium-length, gray-black bill with blue-gray base and red on gape. Long red legs. Female like male but more narrow barring. Juvenile like adult but gray-brown.
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Ruddy Kingfisher: Medium-sized brown-orange kingfisher, more brown-yellow on underparts. Back, wings, and tail orange-brown with violet highlights. Huge, red-orange bill with slightly upturned mandible. Black-brown eye. Short, orange legs and feet. Fairly long wings. Short to medium-length, narrow tail. Sexes and juvenile similar.
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Rufous-tailed Bush-Hen: Small to medium-sized, brown-gray rail with olive-brown back, wings, and tail, and a tan belly and vent. Rather short, yellow-green bill with yellow spot at the top base of the culmen. Short, broad wings. Very short tail. Fairly long green-yellow legs and feet. Sexes similar. Juvenile is paler with more white on throat.
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Ridgway's Rail: A medium sized bird with a long, slightly decurved slender bill with gray-brown upperparts and a rufous breast. Upperwing-coverts are mostly gray, with buff-brown and dark streaks. It has an olive morph where the upperparts have darker, black centers and duller, more olive fringes. Sexes are similar. Juvenile is much darker than the adult, with indistinct flank barring. They live in salt and brackish marshes and feed on mussels, clams and arthropods.
In 2014 the American Ornithologist Union split the Clapper Rail into three species, the Clapper Rail, Ridgway's Rail and Mangrove Rail (not in North America).
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